欺诈性抚养精神损害赔偿的请求权基础

Legal Basis of the Claim for Moral Damage in Fraudulent Raising

在司法实践中，欺诈性抚养纠纷案件的数量呈上升趋势。对于当事人的精神损害赔偿诉讼请求，法院多采取支持的态度，但在赔偿的请求权基础为何意见不一的问题上，存在裁判说理不清的情况。在运用侵权法理论解决欺诈性抚养纠纷时，对于所侵害的权益主要存在“名誉权”、“一般人格权”、“身份法益”三种观点。参考域外法例，应明确无过错方受侵害的是“身份利益”，综合运用体系解释的解释方法，以《侵权责任法》第22条或《侵权责任法》第6条第1款为请求权基础。

In judicial practice, the number of fraudulent raising disputes is on the rise. The court has taken a more supportive attitude towards parties’ claim for compensation for mental damage. However, there are different views on the basis for the right to claim compensation, and there are cases where the judgment is not clear. When applying the theory of tort law to resolve fraudulent raising disputes, there are mainly three viewpoints on which kind of rights and interests is infringed： “right of reputation”, “general personality right” and “status benefit”. With reference to extraterritorial laws, it should be made clear that the answer is “status benefit”. Article 22 or 6 of Tort Law of the People＇s Republic of China is the basis for claims, and it must be interpreted from the whole legal system.