环氧大豆油的合成工艺

Synthetic Process of Epoxidized Soybean Oil

目的优化大豆油的环氧化工艺条件,提高大豆油的环氧化值。方法采用浓硫酸作催化剂,将浓硫酸溶解于乙酸中,并混合均匀,加入大豆油中进行加热处理,同时滴加双氧水进行环氧化改性,通过测试产物的酸值和环氧值,研究双氧水用量、乙酸用量、浓硫酸用量和反应温度对大豆油环氧化效果的影响,并将该方式与常规方式进行对比。结果当大豆油质量为100 g,质量分数为30%的双氧水用量为80 mL,乙酸用量为9 mL,浓硫酸用量为5 mL,反应时间为3 h,反应温度为60℃时,所合成的环氧大豆油的环氧值最高,为13.27mol/(100g),酸值为0.081mg/g(以KOH质量计)。结论当乙酸用量过高时,会降低合成的环氧大豆油的环氧值;增加浓硫酸用量时,环氧大豆油的酸值会降低;温度升高则会提高其环氧值。所合成环氧大豆油的环氧值符合国家标准。

The work aims to optimize the epoxidation process conditions of soybean oil and improve its epoxy value. The concentrated sulfuric acid was used as catalyst to be dissolved in acetic acid and then added into the soybean oil for heating. In the meantime, the hydrogen peroxide was added for epoxidation modification, and the effects of the amount of hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid and concentrated sulfuric acid and reaction temperature on the epoxidation of soybean oil were investigated by testing the acid value and epoxy value. This treatment was contrasted with traditional treatments. When soybean oil was 100 g, 30% （mass fraction） hydrogen peroxide was 80 mL, acetic acid was 9 mL, concentrated sulfuric acid was 5 mL, reaction time was 3 h, and reaction temperature was 60 ℃, the epoxy value of the synthetic soybean oil was the highest （13.27 mol/（100 g））, and the acid value was 0.081 mg/g （in the mass of KOH）. The excessively high amount of acetic acid will decrease the epoxy value of the synthetic soybean oil. When the amount of concentrated sulfuric acid is increased, the acid value of the soybean oil will decrease. The epoxy value of soybean oil will increase with the increase of temperature. The epoxy value of the synthetic epoxidized soybean oil conforms to the national standard.