面向类比思维的创新问题求解过程

Innovative Problem Solving Process Based on Analogical Thinking

为促进设计者在创新问题求解过程中产生创新概念,从类比思维的认知过程出发,提出从功能、行为、结构三个角度所对应的抽象层次及语义层次来描述相似特征,构建以相似特征为基础的创新问题求解模型,用于实现问题空间和知识空间不断映射求解,激励设计者形成创新概念。该模型主要包括问题表征、设计检索及映射迁移三个求解步骤。首先,以相似特征为基础,从功能、行为及结构的不同抽象层次表征设计问题,并基于抽象层次和语义层次知识检索,实现类比源的获取,完成知识的映射迁移。最后基于课题组开发的产品创新设计服务平台的创新问题求解模块,以波轮式洗衣机的创新问题求解示例说明该模型的应用。

In order to help the designer generate innovative concept in the process of innovation problem solving, based on the cognitive process of analogical thinking, the three corresponding abstraction levels and semantic levels to function, behavior, structure are used to describe the similar characteristics, the creative problem solving model is then constructed on the basis of the similar characteristics, the problem space and the knowledge space are mapping and inspire the designer generate innovation concept effectively. In the model there are three steps： problem representation, design retrieval, mapping and migration. Firstly, according to the similar characteristics, design problem are represented from different levels of abstraction including function, behavior and structure. Secondly based on the level of abstraction and semantics the relevant knowledge is searched, and the analogy sources are got, and the mapping and migration of knowledge are realized. Finally, in the innovative problem solving module of product innovation design service platform which developed by our research group, the case of the pulsator washing machine are used to illustrate the application of the model.