妊娠后期饲粮中添加小麦水解蛋白对母猪繁殖性能、血清生化指标和氨基酸含量及胎盘组织营养物质转运相关基因表达的影响

Effects of Dietary Hydrolyzed Wheat Gluten in Late Pregnancy on Reproductive Performance,Serum Biochemical Parameters and Amino Acid Contents,and Placental Tissue Nutrient Transporters Related Gene Expression of Sows

本试验旨在研究妊娠后期饲粮中添加小麦水解蛋白(HWG)对母猪繁殖性能、血清生化指标和氨基酸含量及胎盘组织营养物质转运相关基因表达的影响。试验选用3～4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠母猪33头,随机分为3组,每组11个重复,每个重复1头母猪。对照组母猪饲喂基础饲粮,试验组母猪在基础饲粮中于妊娠第90～114天期间分别添加1%和2%的HWG,所有饲粮均等能等氮。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%HWG显著提高了仔猪平均初生活仔重(P<0.05),饲粮中添加2%HWG显著提高了仔猪初生窝重、初生活仔窝重(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%和2%HWG显著提高了妊娠第107天母猪血清中天冬酰胺、组氨酸、鸟氨酸含量和脐带血清中组氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸和酪氨酸含量(P<0.05),显著降低了母猪血清中血氨、甘氨酸含量和脐带血清中血氨含量(P<0.05);饲粮中添加1%HWG显著提高了母猪血清中缬氨酸含量(P<0.05),饲粮中添加2%HWG显著提高了母猪血清中异亮氨酸、苏氨酸含量和脐带血清中精氨酸、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺、甘氨酸、蛋氨酸、丝氨酸、苏氨酸、色氨酸、缬氨酸、白蛋白、葡萄糖含量及碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.05)。3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1%HWG显著提高了胎盘组织中性氨基酸转运载体2 (SNAT2)、谷氨酸转运载体3(EAAT3)、L型氨基酸转运载体2(LAT2)、葡萄糖转运载体2(GLUT2)的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05),饲粮中添加2%HWG显著提高了胎盘组织中性氨基酸转运载体1(SNAT1)、SNAT2、EAAT3、LAT2、小肽转运载体1(PepT1)、小肽转运载体2(PepT2)、葡萄糖转运载体1(GLUT1)、GLUT2、葡萄糖转运载体3(GLUT3)的mRNA相对表达量(P<0.05)。由此可见,妊娠后期饲粮中添加HWG能提高胎盘组织营养物质转运相关基因的表达,促进母体营养物质的转运效率和胎猪的生长发育,提高仔猪初生窝重。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary hydrolyzed wheat gluten（HWG）in late pregnancy on reproductive performance,serum biochemical parameters and amino acid contents,and placental tissue nutrient transporters related gene expression of sow s.Thirty-three gestation sow s（3 to 4 parities） with similar expected date of childbirth were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 11 replicates per group and 1 sow per replicate.Sow s in the control group were fed a basal diet,and the others in the experimental groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 1% and 2% HWG during day 90 to 114 of pregnancy,respectively.All diets were isonitrogenous and isocaloric.The results showed as follow s：1） compared with the control group,dietary 1% HWG supplementation significantly increased the average birth weight of all piglets born alive of piglets（P〈0.05）,dietary 2% HWG supplementation significantly increased the total litter weight at birth for all piglets born and total litter weight at birth for all live piglets（P〈0.05）.2） Compared with the control group,dietary 1% and 2% HWG supplementation significantly increased the contents of asparagine,histidine and ornithine in serum of sow s on day 107 of pregnancy,and contents of histidine,isoleucine,leucine,phenylalanine and tyrosine in serum of umbilical cord on day 107 of pregnancy（P〈0.05）,whereas,significantly decreased the contents of ammonia,glycine in serum of sow s and umbilical cord serum ammonia content（P〈0.05）;dietary 1% HWG supplementation significantly increased the serum valine content of sow s（P〈0.05）,dietary 2% HWG supplementation significantly increased the contents of isoleucine and threonine in serum of sow s,and contents of arginine,glusate,glutamine,glycine,methionine,serine,threonine,tryptophan,valine,albumin,glucose and alkaline phosphatase activity in serum of umbilical cord（P〈0.05）.3）Compared with the control group,dietary 1% HWG supplementation significantly increased the mRNA relative expressions of sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter（SNAT） 2,excitatoryamino acid transporter 3（EAAT3）,L-type amino acid transporter 2（LAT2） and glucose transporter（GLUT） 2 in placental tissue（P〈0.05）,dietary 2% HWG supplementation significantly increased the mRNA relative expressions of SNAT1,SNAT2,EAAT3,LAT2,peptide transporter（PepT） 1,PepT2,GLUT1,GLUT2 and GLUT3 in placental tissue（P〈0.05）.In conclusion,dietary HWG in late pregnancy can improve the placental tissue nutrient transporters related gene expression,promote the efficiency of transport efficiency of maternal nutrients and the grow th and development of fetal pigs,improve the total litter weight at birth for all piglets born.