丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌对北京鸭生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标及免疫器官指数的影响

Effects of Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus licheniformis on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemical and Immune Indexes,and Immune Organ Indexes of Beijing Ducks

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌和地衣芽孢杆菌对北京鸭生长性能、血清生化和免疫指标及免疫器官指数的影响。选取1日龄健康北京鸭300只,随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸭。对照组(试验Ⅰ组)饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加40 mg/kg杆菌肽锌(试验Ⅱ组)、5×108CFU/kg丁酸梭菌(试验Ⅲ组)、1×109CFU/kg地衣芽孢杆菌(试验Ⅳ组)和5×108CFU/kg丁酸梭菌+1×109CFU/kg地衣芽孢杆菌(试验Ⅴ组)。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)试验Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ组的平均日增重均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间的平均日采食量和料重比差异不显著(P>0.05)。2)试验Ⅴ组的血清中免疫球蛋白A、免疫球蛋白G、补体3、补体4含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。各组之间的血清中总蛋白、白蛋白、尿素氮含量差异不显著(P> 0.05)。3)试验Ⅴ组的胸腺指数、脾脏指数显著高于对照组(P <0.05)。各组之间的法氏囊指数差异不显著(P> 0.05)。由此可见,饲粮中添加丁酸梭菌与地衣芽孢杆菌复合菌可以有效改善北京鸭的生长性能和免疫指标。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus licheniformis on grow th performance,serum biochemical and immune indexes and immune organ indexes of Beijing ducks.A total of 300 healthy one-day-old Beijing ducks were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates in each group and 10 ducks in each replicate.Ducks in the control group（experimental group Ⅰ）were fed a basal diet,and others in experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 40 mg/kg bacitracin（experimental group Ⅱ）,5 × 10^8 CFU/kg Clostridium butyricum（experimental group Ⅲ）,1 ×10^9 CFU/kg Bacillus licheniformis（experimental group Ⅳ） and 5 × 10^8 CFU/kg Clostridium butyricum ＋ 1 ×10^9 CFU/kg Bacillus licheniformis（experimental group Ⅴ）,respectively.The experiment lasted for 21 days.The results showed as follow s：1） the average daily gain of experimental groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.There were no significant differences on average daily feed intake and ratio of feed to gain among all groups（P〉0.05）.2） The contents of immunoglobulin A,immunoglobulin G,complement 3 and complement 4 in serum of experimental group Ⅴ were significantly higher than those of the control group（P〈0.05）.There were no significant differences in the contents of total protein,albumin and urea nitrogen in serum among all groups（P〉0.05）.3） The thymus index and spleen index of experimental group Ⅴ were significantly higher than those of the control group（P〈0.05）.There was no significant difference on the bursa of Fabricius index among all groups（P〉0.05） The results indicate that diet supplemented with Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus licheniformis compound bacteria can effectively improve the grow th performance and serum immune indexes of Beijing ducks.