酵母多糖对哺乳犊牛生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响

Effects of Yeast Polysaccaride on Growth Performance,Digestion Metabolism and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Sucking Calves

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量的酵母多糖对哺乳犊牛生长性能、消化代谢和血清生化指标的影响。选择初生重相近的健康中国荷斯坦犊牛56头,随机分为4组,每组14头。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组在基础饲粮中分别添加1、2、3 g/(头·d)的酵母多糖。试验期60 d。结果表明:1)Ⅲ组犊牛平均日增重显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);各组犊牛各阶段干物质采食量均无显著差异(P>0.05),以Ⅲ组最高;添加酵母多糖对犊牛的体高、体斜长、胸围和管围均无显著影响(P>0.05)。2)Ⅲ组犊牛干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。3)Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组犊牛的腹泻率和腹泻频率均低于Ⅰ组。4)Ⅲ、Ⅳ组犊牛血清总蛋白含量显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05);犊牛血清葡萄糖、白蛋白、尿素氮含量各组间均未达到显著水平(P>0.05)。Ⅲ组犊牛血清碱性磷酸酶、溶菌酶活性和总抗氧化能力显著高于Ⅰ组(P<0.05),Ⅲ组犊牛血清丙二醛含量显著低于Ⅰ组(P<0.05)。综合分析表明,哺乳犊牛饲粮中添加酵母多糖可促进犊牛生长发育和营养物质消化吸收,降低犊牛腹泻率。在本试验条件下,哺乳犊牛饲粮中酵母多糖的适宜添加量为2 g/(头·d)。

This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of different dosages of yeast polysaccharide on grow th performance,digestion metabolism and serum biochemical indexes of sucking calves.Fifty-six Holstein calves with a similar body weight were selected and allotted randomly to 4 groups with 14 calves in each group.Calves in group Ⅰ（control group） were fed a basal diet,and those in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diets supplemented with yeast polysaccharide at the dosage of 1,2 and 3 g per day per head,respectively.The experiment lasted for 60 d.The results showed as follow s：1） the average daily gain of calves in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ（P〈0.05）;the dry matter intake of calves was no significant difference among groups（P〉0.05）,and that in group Ⅲ was the highest.Adding yeast polysaccharide had no significant effect on body height,body length,heart girth and circumference of cannon bone of calves（P〉0.05）.2） The apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein,ether extract,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of calves in group Ⅲ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ（P〈0.05）.3） The diarrhea rate and diarrhea frequency of calves in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were lower than those in the group Ⅰ.4） Serum total protein content of calves in groups Ⅲ and Ⅳwas significantly higher than that in the group I（P〈0.05）;serum glucose,albumin,urea nitrogen contents of calves were no significant difference among groups（P〉0.05）;serum alkaline phosphatase and lysozyme activities and total antioxidant capacity of calves in group Ⅲ were significantly higher than those in group I（P〈0.05）,the content of serum malonaldehyde of calves in group Ⅲ was significantly decreased compared with group Ⅰ.It is concluded that adding yeast polysaccharides in the diet of sucking calves can promote grow th and development,digestion and absorption of nutrients,and reduce calf diarrhea rate.Under the conditions of this experiment,the suitable dosage of yeast polysaccharide in diets of sucking calves is 2 g per day per head.