自我管理教育对直肠癌保肛术后患者胃肠功能恢复情况、情绪及生活质量的影响研究

Effect of self-management education on recovery of gastrointestinal function,mood and quality of life in patients with rectal cancer after sphincter preservation

目的探讨自我管理教育对直肠癌保肛术后患者胃肠功能恢复情况、情绪及生活质量的影响。方法选取我院2017年6月-2018年6月共86例直肠癌患者作为研究对象,所有患者均行保肛术,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组各43例。对照组采用常规护理,研究组在对照组基础上行自我管理教育,对比两组护理效果。结果研究组胃管拔除时间、腹腔引流管拔除时间、尿管拔除时间、排气时间、排便时间、下床时间以及住院时间均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。护理前,两组患者HAMA、HAMD评分无明显差异(P>0. 05);护理后,两组患者HAMA、HAMD评分均低于护理前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。护理前,两组患者生活质量评分无明显差异(P>0. 05);护理后,两组患者生活质量评分均高于护理前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05)。结论自我管理教育对直肠癌保肛术后患者具有良好的效果,能有效加强患者自护能力,促进患者胃肠功能恢复,改善患者不良情绪,提高患者生活质量,值得临床推广应用。

Objective To study the effect of self-management education on gastrointestinal function recovery,mood and quality of life in patients with rectal cancer after anal sphincter preservation. Methods 86 patients with rectal cancer were selected for the study in our hospital from June 2017 to June 2018. All patients underwent anal sphincter preservation,and were randomly divided into study group and control group. Patients in control group received routine nursing,and patients in study group conducted self-management education on the basis of the control group,comparing the nursing effects of the two groups. Results The gastric tube removal time,abdominal drainage tube removal time,urinary catheter removal time,exhaust time,defecation time,bedtime and hospital stay in study group was much lower than that of the control group（ P〈0.05）. There was no significant difference in HAMA and HAMD scores between the two groups before treatment,（ P〉0.05）.After nursing,the HAMA and HAMD scores of the two groups were lower than those before the nursing,and the study group was lower than that of the control group（ P〈0.05）. Before the nursing,there was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the two groups（ P〉0.05）. After the nursing,the quality of life scores of the two groups were higher than that before the nursing,and the study group was higher than the control group（ P〈0.05）. Conclusion Self-management education has a good effect on patients with rectal cancer after anal sphincter preservation. It can effectively strengthen the patient’s self-protection ability,promote the recovery of patients’ gastrointestinal function,improve the patient’s bad mood,improve the patient’s quality of life,and have a good prognosis. It is worthy of popularization and application.