论元顺帝朝时运与文运的关系

On Relationship between Fortune and Literary Destinies of Shun Emperor in Yuan Dynasty

元顺帝朝的时运曾被当时文士赞为"千载一时",其文运,则达到了明初人所赞誉的"元末文人最盛"的局面。时人大量文章的相关记述,验证了这一史实,也表明了顺帝确是一位勤政爱民、拥儒重学的贤君。其后,红巾军起义,直接导致了顺帝朝的时运由盛转衰,并成为其前后期的分界线。实际上,整体官僚机构的贪污腐化,才是顺帝朝气运终结的根本原因。但顺帝朝的文运并未随时运衰落,反而继续响应着"盛世"写盛世之文的长久号召,循着自身的相对独立性,在乱世中继续攀升。论析元顺帝朝时运与文运的关系,对于重新认识和客观评价元后期至元末文学有重要的价值。

The fortune of Shun Emperor in Yuan Dynasty was once praised as"the chance of a lifetime"by the literati at that time,and its literary transport reached the situation of"the best literati at the end of the Yuan Dynasty"praised by the Ming Dynasty.The relevant accounts of a large number of articles verified this historical fact,and it also shows that Shun Emperor is indeed a sage king diligent in government affairs and loves the people and advocate studying Confucianism and emphasizing learning.Afterwards,the red Towel Army up rise,which directly led Shun emperor from the prosperity to the decline and it becomes the dividing line of its earlier and later period.As a matter of fact,the corruption of the overall bureaucracy is the root cause of the end of Shun emperor.However,his literary destiny did not decline with his fortune at any time,but continued to respond to the call of the"prosperity"of writing the best articles,which following its own relative independence and continued to climb in the chaos situation.Discussing on the relationship between Shun emperor’s fortune and literary destinies is of great value for re-understanding and objective evaluation of the later Yuan Dynasty literature.