论指导性案例援引的经验主义逻辑

On the Empirical Logic of Guiding Cases Citation

司法经验是凝聚法官智慧、传承司法技艺的重要渠道，也是司法机关确保同案同判、实现个案公正的内在路径之一。我国司法机关援引指导性案例，实质上是将司法经验同司法裁判相对接。而案例援引过程也暗含了类比推理、归纳推理和演绎推理等法律推理方法，确保了司法经验、司法智慧与法律规则的科学融合。但目前急需矫正案例指导制度的建构理性同指导性案例援引的经验主义之间的矛盾。

Judicial experience is an important way to pool the wisdom of judges and inherit the skills of justice. It is also one of the internal paths for judicial authorities to ensure the same cases be treated equally thus realize justice in individual cases. Citation of the guiding cases by the judicial authorities in our country is essentially connecting the judicial experience with judicial judgment. Case citation process implies at least three methods of legal reasoning to ensure the scientific integration of judicial experience, judicial wisdom and legal rules, the methods are analogical reasoning, inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning. Howev- er, there is a contradiction to be dealt with between constructive rationalism of case guidance system and the empiricism of guiding cases citation.