论广播组织权客体的界定——兼评“广播信号说”之谬误

Research on Defining the Object of Broadcasting Organization Right——With Criticizing the Fallacy of“Broadcast Signal Theory”

“广播信号说”的提出，既是对“客体的非物质性是知识产权的本质特征”基本法理的无视，其自身也是技术主义立法的产物，更是制度上的刻意设计。广播信号并不能代表广播组织的劳动成果，其实质上只是广播组织劳动成果的一种载体，以之为基础设置的广播组织权也会因权利内容过少无法保护广播组织的利益。广播组织的劳动成果应当是其对节目的选择和编排，故其客体应当是“由广播组织选择和编排的节目群”，如此既能满足广播组织的利益保护需求，也毋需担心会损害到著作权人、社会公众的利益。

Broadcast signal theory ignores the fundamental hypothesis that substantive characteristic of intellectual property is the non - material object, and it is the outcome of technocratic legislation and the de- liberate design of the system. Broadcast signal could not represent the work of broadcasting organization, and in essence, it is only a carrier of the labor achievements of the broadcasting organization. The broad- casting organization right based on signal will also be unable to protect the interests of broadcasting organiza- tion due to scant content of rights. The work of a broadcasting organization shall be its selection and ar- rangement of programs, therefore its object should be ＂the program groups selected and arranged by broad- casting organization＂. In this way, the interests of broadcasting organization can be protected without fear of harming the interests of copyright owners and the public.