分析某县肺结核患者结核病预防传播知识的认知现状

Analysis of cognitive status of tuberculosis prevention and transmission knowledge among tuberculosis patients in a county

目的对肺结核患者结核病预防传播知识的认知现状作探讨。方法此次研究中以本院自行制定的调查问卷调查某传染病医院未住院治疗前5 d确诊肺结核患者80例,将各项调查结果详细整理后作对比分析。结果本次纳入对象80例肺结核患者中高中及以上学历患者63.8%;本地人53.8%、外地人46.2%;农民20.0%、学生10.0%;病程≤6个月52.5%、(7～12)个月11.3%;家庭成员中患有结核病的12.5%;76.3%患者结核病知识知晓途径为医务人员宣教;结核病预防传播知识认知程度调查评分为(53.09±8.42)分,可见结核病患者结核病预防传播知识认知程度为中等偏下;易感染人群维度得分低,HIV/AIDS、结核病与结核病患者戴口罩以及密闭环境中结核菌传播、结核病早期症状等方面情况得分最低。结论肺结核患者对结核病传播预防知识认识度整体偏低,可见年龄段及文化程度、患病时间不同患者,其对相关知识的掌握程度均不同。临床上治疗肺结核患者时,需高度重视此方面情况,将结核病预防传播知识宣教与临床治疗充分结合,以保证患者病情得到科学有效的治疗与控制,并避免或减少结核病的传播。

Objective To explore the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and transmission in tuberculosis patients. Methods In this study, 80 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients confirmed by 5 D before treatment in an infectious disease hospital were investigated and analyzed in detail. Results The subjects included 80 cases of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with high school and above education which counted for 63.8%; 53.8% of them were local people, 46.2% of them were non-local people; 20.0% of them were farmers, 10.0%of them were students; course of disease less than 6 months were counted for 52.5%, 7 to 12 months were counted for 11.3%; family members with tuberculosis were counted for 12.5%; 76.3% of patients learned tuberculosis knowledge from medical staff; The score of transmission tuberculosis prevention knowledge was（53.09±8.42）, indicated that the knowledge of tuberculosis prophylaxis and transmission in tuberculosis patients were below the middle level; the score of vulnerable population was low; the scores of HIV/AIDS,wearing masks in tuberculosis and tuberculosis patients in closed environment, the spread of tuberculosis and the early symptoms of tuberculosis were the lowest. Conclusion The knowledge of tuberculosis transmission and prevention in patients with tuberculosis is generally low. It can be seen that patients with different age, education level and time of illness have differentmastery of relevant knowledge. In clinical treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients, we should attach great importance to this situation, and fully combine the knowledge of tuberculosis prevention and dissemination with clinical treatment to ensure that the patient＇s condition is treated and controlled scientifically and effectively, and toavoid or reduce the spread oftuberculosis.