不同类型叶面钙肥对红富士苹果品质影响的主成分分析

Principal Component Analysis on Quality Traits of Red Fuji Apple by Spraying Three Type Foliar Calcium Fertilizers

钙作为一种重要的矿质营养,对果实品质的形成及其保持起重要作用,本研究通过田间定位实验比较了3类叶面钙肥处理后红富士苹果果实钙含量、果实品质、抗氧化酶活性及果实生理性病害指数,结果表明,采前喷施螯合氨基酸钙液肥、羟基钾锌钙液肥(生物型钙肥)、腐殖酸钙液(调节型钙肥)及营养型钙液肥均能显著增加果实钙含量及果实的抗病性,从外观品质看,喷施钙肥均能显著增加苹果的着色指数及表面光洁度指数,羟基钾锌钙液肥能显著增加果实CAT、SOD和POD酶活性。主成分分析结果表明,螯合氨基酸钙在提高果实的抗病性、抗氧化性效果最为显著,三类钙肥的综合作用效果依次为:生物型钙肥>营养型钙肥>调节型钙肥。

Calcium as an important mineral nutrition,it has important effects on formation and maintaining of fruit quality.We studied the effect of three types of foliar fertilizers on fruit calcium concentration,fruit quality,the activity of antioxidase and indexes of physiological disease.The results showed that spraying amino acid chelated calcium liquid fertilizer（biological type）,humic acid liquid fertilizer（adjusted type）and balanced nutrition（nutrition type）at pre-harvest stage of Red Fuji significantly increased the calcium content in fruit and improved the resistance ability for physiological disease.From appearance quality aspect,the index of apple’s color and surface roughness were significant increased by spraying calcium fertilizer,the activities of CAT,SOD and POD were significant increased under the treatment of hydroxy potassium zinc calcium liquid fertilizer.The results of PCA analysis indicated that spraying amino acid chelated calcium liquid fertilizer significant improved calcium concentration and the resistance ability for physiological disease and oxidation.The synthesize improved impacts of three type of foliar fertilizers in order as follows：biological typenutrition typeadjusted type.