长三角淳安地区二次颗粒物污染形成机制

Physiochemical Properties of the Aerosol Particles and Their Impacts on Secondary Aerosol Formation at the Background Site of the Yangtze River Delta

二次组分是长三角区域PM_(2.5)颗粒物的主要组成部分,研究二次细颗粒物污染特征以及形成机制对污染控制至关重要.本文揭示了长三角背景地区颗粒物的有机与无机组分的构成,实现了对二次有机气溶胶(SOA)总量的核算;并进一步结合气溶胶热力学模型,模拟颗粒物的理化性质,深入探讨颗粒相的水含量与酸碱度对二次污染物形成的影响.结果表明,长三角背景区域细颗粒的年平均浓度为33μg·m^(-3),主要成分为硫酸盐、硝酸盐、铵盐和有机物,其平均贡献分别为19%、15%、12%和19%.颗粒相中的硝酸盐主要为局地生成,其质量浓度主要受到温度与颗粒相铵盐浓度的影响;硫酸盐的生成受到区域传输与局地生成的耦合作用的影响.气溶胶热力学模型模拟的结果显示,长三角背景地区颗粒物总体呈现强酸性,其酸度受季节影响不大,但显著受到了颗粒相水含量的影响;颗粒相水含量对春季SOA生成的促进作用较夏季更为显著;夏季SOA在PM_(2.5)中质量浓度占比高达40%,其形成主要受到大气氧化性的影响.

The study of the sources, compositions, and formation mechanisms of pollutants at the background site is crucial for the understanding of episodic events in the Yangtze River Delta （ YRD）. Secondary species are major components of PM25 particles. In this work, the compositions and concentrations of organic matter and secondary organic aerosol （SOA） at a background site of the YRD region were determined. The acidity and liquid water content of aerosol particles were modeled to investigate the impact of the physicochemical properties of aerosol particles on the formation of secondary species. The annual mean PM2.5 concentration in Chunan is 33 p^g＇m-3 , with major contributions from inorganic sulfate （ 19% ） , nitrate （ 15% ） , ammonium （12%） , and organic matter （ 19% ）. Nitrate is mainly locally formed, while sulfate is more affected by regional transport, except in winter. We found that the particles at the background site of the YRD have a high acidity and no seasonal variation was observed. The SOA formation at the background site of the YRD is enhanced by the liquid water content of the aerosol in spring, while it is more affected by the concentration of the oxidant, that is, 03 , in summer. The contribution of SOA to PM2.5 in summer is as high as 40%.