宽叶羌活与澜沧羌活果实特征及显微鉴别研究

Study on characteristics and microscopic identification of fruits of Notopterygium franchetii and N. forrestii

羌活是我国珍稀濒危名贵中药材。在收集宽叶羌活果实的过程中收集到1份伪品澜沧羌活（羌活属）,与羌活果实在外观形态上极为相似,难以区分。目前关于羌活属植物果实的形态学鉴别还未有报道。该文研究宽叶羌活及其伪品澜沧羌活果实的外观和显微鉴别,为两者果实的鉴别提供科学依据。采用体视显微镜和石蜡切片法观察种子的外观形态、解剖结构和显微结构并拍照。结果表明,宽叶羌活和澜沧羌活在果实大小、果皮表面纹理、果棱棱翅宽度上均存在差异,可作为二者的性状鉴别特征;油管数目和胚乳细胞内含物的差异可作为显微鉴别特征。上述鉴别特征可区分宽叶羌活和澜沧羌活果实,为羌活属果实鉴别和种质评价提供科学依据。

Rhizoma et Radix Notopterygii is a rare and endangered Chinese medicine. In the collection of Notopterygium franchetii fruits,we collected a sample of N. forrestii,which is a spurious breed. Fruits of N. franchetii and N. forrestii are very similar in morphology and can be easily confused. Until now the morphological identification of the fruits of Notopterygium has not been reported. To provide a scientific basis for the identification of N. franchetii and N. forrestii fruits,the morphology and microscopic identification were studied in this paper. In this study,stereomicroscope and paraffin sections were used to compare the morphological characteristics and microscopic characteristics of these two fruits. Our results showed that these two fruits were different in size,surface texture and the number of vertical edges on the back. These traits can be used as diagnostic characteristic of these two fruits. The difference between the number of tubing and the endosperm cell contents can be used as microscopic identification features. The above discriminative characteristics can distinguish the two fruits and provide scientific basis for the identification and germplasm evaluation of Notopterygium fruits.