2016—2017年连云港市妇幼保健院女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析

Analysis on distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing female urogenital tract infection in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2016 to 2017

目的分析2016—2017年连云港市妇幼保健院女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌分布及耐药性的情况。方法选取2016年1月—2017年12月在连云港市妇幼保健院接受治疗的泌尿生殖道感染的女性患者160例,通过对患者采集样本,在无菌环境下进行菌群培养分析病原菌的分布情况,通过药敏检验来检验各种病原菌的耐药性。结果共检出菌株400株,其中支原体数量最多,占菌群总数64.00%,最多的是解脲支原体158株(39.50%),其次为人型支原体68株(17.00%);细菌占菌群总数29.50%,主要为肠杆菌38株(9.75%),表皮葡萄球菌(7.75%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(7.25%);真菌占菌群总数6.5%。解脲支原体和人型支原体对红霉素、氧氟沙星、环丙沙星均具有较强的耐药性,耐药率均大于80%;二者均对原始霉素、强力霉素、交沙霉素、米诺环素具有较低的耐药性,耐药率均小于10%。肠杆菌、表皮葡萄球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌对环丙沙星均具有强的耐药性,耐药率大于80%;而三者对强力霉素、原始霉素和交沙霉素均具有较低的耐药性,耐药率低于10%。真菌对酮康唑和伊曲康唑较敏感,对克霉唑耐药率较高。结论女性是泌尿生殖道感染的高发群体,连云港市妇幼保健院女性泌尿生殖道感染的病原菌以支原体和细菌为主,也有少数真菌感染,且病原菌对于一些抗菌药物具有较高的耐药性,因此在治疗女性泌尿生殖道感染疾病的过程中,应注重加强病原菌耐药性的检验。

Objective To analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing female urogenital tract infection in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from 2016 to 2017. Methods Female patients（160 cases） with urogenital tract infection treated in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018 were selected. The distribution of pathogenic bacteria was analyzed by collecting samples and culturing bacteria in aseptic environment. The drug resistance of various pathogenic bacteria was tested by drug sensitivity test. Results A total of 400 strains of pathogens were detected, of which the number of mycoplasma was the largest, accounting for 64.00% of the total bacterial population. There were 158 strains of Ureaplasma urealyticum（39.50%）, 68 strains of Mycoplasma hominis（17.00%）. Bacteria（118 cases） accounted for 29.50%, and main of them were Enterobacter（9.75%）, Staphylococcus epidermidis（7.75%）, and S. aureus（7.25%）. Fungi accounted for 6.5% of the total flora. U. urealyticum and M. hominis had strong resistance to erythromycin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, and the resistance rate was more than 80%. While they had low resistance against erythromycin, ofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin, and the resistance rate was less than 10%. The resistance rate of Enterobacter, S. epidermidis, and S. aureus against ciprofloxacin was higher than 80%. While the resistance rate against doxycycline, josamycin, and minocycline was lower than 10%. Fungi were sensitive to ketoconazole and itraconazole, and high resistance to clotrimazole. Conclusion Women are the high incidence group of urogenital tract infection. The pathogenic bacteria of female urogenital tract infection in Lianyungang Maternal and Child Health Hospital are mainly mycoplasma and bacteria, and there are also a few fungal infections. The pathogenic bacteria are highly resistant to some antibiotics, so when they are used to treat female urogenital tract infection, the examination of drug resistance of pathogens should be strengthened.