2017年乐清市肺炎支原体培养及药敏检测分析

Pneumonia mycoplasma culture and drug sensitivity test analysis in Yueqing in 2017

目的 分析2017年乐清市急性呼吸道患儿病原体感染肺炎支原体的培养和药敏敏感特点,为临床抗菌药物选择提供依据。方法 采集4 644例急性呼吸道感染的门诊及住院患儿咽拭子,采用咽拭子肺炎支原体分离鉴定培养技术来测定MP及药敏敏感试验。结果 4 644例患儿培养出肺炎支原体阳性标本1 363例,阳性率为29. 3%;肺炎支原体对多西环素、克林霉素、阿奇霉素敏感率高;对罗红霉素、左氧氟沙星、加替沙星中度敏感;而对乙酰螺旋霉素、帕珠沙星等耐药率高。MP阳性率女患儿高于男患儿,门诊高于住院;以-3岁组最高,达34. 5%（493/1 427）,其次为-6岁组,达32. 0%（421/1 316）;无明显的季节差异。结论 肺炎支原体已是小儿的重要病原体,支原体感染的早期诊断有一定临床应用价值,操作方法简单,无创伤,值得临床进一步研究和应用。

Objective To analyze the characterisics of Mycoplasma pneumonia （MP） culture and drug sensitivity analysis in children with acute respiratory syndrome in 2017, so as to provide basis for the clinical choice of antibacterial drugs. Methods Throat swabs were collected from 4 644 outpatients and hospitalized cases with acute respiratory infection. Pneumon- iae isolation and identification technology were adopted to identify MP and perform drug sensitivity test. Results MP was detected in 1 363 out of 4 644 patients, and the positive rate was 29.3%. MP was highly sensitive to doxycycline, clindamycin and azithromycin, moderately sensitive to roxithromycin, levefloxacin and gatifoxcin, but highly resitantive to acetylospiramycin and paxacin. The positive rate of MP was higher in girls than that in boys, and higher in clinic than in ward. The highest MP positive rate happened to the group of 1 to 3 years old, up to 34.5% （493/1 427）, followed by the group of 3 to 6 years old, and the positive rate was up to 32.0% （421/1 316）. There was no distribution difference in seasons. Conclusion MP is a common pathogen in children. Early diagnosis was valuable to the clinical application, and its opreation is simple and painless. So, it was worthy of further study and application.