上海市建成环境的评价与分析--基于手机信令数据的探索

ASSESSMENT AND ANALYSIS ON BUILT ENVIRONMENT OF SHANGHAI: AN EXPLORATION BASED ON MOBILE PHONE SIGNALING DATA

行为研究与大数据技术的发展,为分析城市建成环境提供了新的思路和方法。本文利用手机信令数据,从个体的时空行为出发,在用地强度、职住关系、居民出行行为和城市空间结构等多个方面,对上海市的城市建成环境进行分析和评价,旨在建立一套利用大数据评价城市建成环境的研究体系。结果表明,居民的活动分布、出行行为在空间上存在显著差异,受到用地、就业岗位、公共服务设施等建成环境的影响。整体上看,建成环境较好的区域集中在中心城区主中心,郊区副中心次之,中心城区边缘和远郊区则存在明显的问题与不足。研究表明,手机信令数据在城市建成环境评价分析上,具有更强的现实意义,其分析结果可为城市规划和城市管理等提供具体参考。

The development of behavior research and big data technology provides new ideas and methods for the analysis of urban built environment. Using mobile phone signaling data, based on the spatial-temporal behavior of individuals, this paper analyzes and evaluates the urban built environment of Shanghai in terms of land use intensity, jobshousing relationship, residents＇ travel behavior, and urban spatial structure, aiming to develop a research framework for built environment assessment by use of big data. The results show that there are significant spatial differences in the distribution of residents＇ activities and travel behaviors, which are influenced by the built environment such as land, employment, and public service facilities. In general, the areas with better built environment are concentrated in the core center of the central city, followed by the sub-centers in the suburbs, and there are obvious problems and shortcomings in the edge of the central city and the outer suburbs.This study shows that the mobile phone signaling data has a strong practical significance in the urban built environment analysis and assessment, and the research results can provide reference for urban planning and urban management.