秸秆全量还田对水稻生长及土壤理化性质的影响

Influences of total straw returning on rice growth and soil physiochemical properties

采用盆栽模拟试验方法,通过设置3种不同处理并于不同生育期测定主要水稻发育指标及土壤理化性质,探讨秸秆全量还田对土壤有效养分状况及水稻形态指标的影响。结果表明:JN10(秸秆还田并施尿素)处理的株高、分蘖数、穗数在不同生长时期均高于N10 (秸秆不还田仅施尿素)、JN0 (秸秆还田不施尿素)处理,其产量最高,为67.02g·盆-1;N10处理产量最低,为33.22g·盆-1。秸秆还田配施氮肥有助于作物对土壤碱解氮、速效磷与速效钾的吸收利用。总体而言,秸秆还田配施氮肥对改善水稻的营养状况及水稻的生长具有明显的促进作用。

Pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of straw returning on soil available nutrients and growth indexes of rice.A total of three treatments were prepared,including straw returning with（1.45 g·pot^-1（JN10）or without 0 g·pot^-1（JN0）urea application,and a control without straw（1.45 g urea per pot（N10）.Soil physiochemical properties and major rice growth indices at different growth stages were determined.The results showed that the plant height,tiller number and spike number of rice in treatment JN10 were higher than those of N10 and JN0 at all growth stages.The highest yield of 67.02 g·pot^-1 was detected in JN10,while the lowest of 33.22 g·pot^-1 in N10.Straw returning increased the uptake of available phosphorus by rice,and improved soil available nitrogen,available potassium,pH,and EC.Overall,straw returning accompanied with nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved soil nutrients and rice growth.