基于适配体生物传感器检测黄曲霉毒素B_1的研究进展

Research progress on detection of aflatoxin B_1 based on aptamer biosensor

随着生活水平的提高,人们对生命健康栺外注重,而由生物毒素引起的食物中毒的悲剧却频繁发生,因此得到了社会的广泛关注。简便快速、特异性高、易携式的生物毒素检测仪器成为研究人员研究的热点。适配体(aptamer)作为一种新型识别分子,具有亲和力高、稳定性强、制备成本低、特异性强等明显优势,已成功应用于食品中有害物质的识别检测。随着色谱技术、克疫化学以及光、电等领域的不断发展,将适配体与靶物质的特异性识别结合过程转换为易于检测的物理化学信号,能够实现灵敏度高、微型化、高通量和现场检测的快速分析。本文主要仍试纸条法、荧光、电化学传感器等方面以黄曲霉毒素B_1(aflatoxin B_1, AFB_1)为靶标的适配体在食品安全检测分析中的应用进行了综述,以期为进一步研究提供参考。

With the improvement of living standards, people pay special attention to life health, but the tragedy of food poisoning caused by biotoxins occurs frequently, so it has received widespread attention in society. The simple, rapid, specific, and portable biotoxin detection instrument has become a research hotspot for researchers. As a novel recognition molecular, aptamer has obvious advantages such as high affinity, strong stability, low preparation cost and strong specificity, and it has been successfully applied to the identification and detection of harmful substances in food safety. With the continuous development of chromatographic technology, immunochemistry and the fields of light and electricity, the specific recognition and binding process of aptamers and target substances is converted into physicochemical signals that are easy to detect, which is enabling high sensitivity, miniaturization, high throughput and a quick analysis method for on-site testing. This paper reviewed the application of aptamers with aflatoxin B1 （AFB1） as target in test strip method, fluorescence and electrochemical sensors in food safety detection and analysis, in order to provide reference for further research.