析莫迪执政以来印度与美国海上安全合作

An Analysis of the Maritime Security Cooperation between India and the United States since Modi Came to Power

莫迪执政以来,印度政府史无前例地重视其在印度洋的海上权益。与此同时,在美国大幅调整安全战略的背景下,印美双方在海上安全领域的互动特别是合作不断深入。印美海上联合军演规模和级别不断上升,军备贸易数额不断扩大,借助双边、多边等地区安全机制加强互动,双方海上安全合作迅速推进,层次不断深入。但是,印美海上安全合作也面临各种挑战,其一为印美两国因海上安全战略目标存在差异导致印美互信不足;其二为许多国际因素和海上安全威胁本身的复杂性对两国海上安全合作形成制约。印美海上安全合作对印太地区有直接而巨大的影响,美国在印太地区的影响力进一步增强,印度一方面通过与美国的合作海上力量快速发展,另一方面受到美国的约束也随之增加。印美之间的合作虽然有助于应对印太地区的非传统安全威胁,但是加剧了该地区在传统安全领域的困境。此外,印美海上安全合作也对中国周边安全环境产生不利影响。

Since Modi came to power,the Indian government has given unprecedented attention to its maritime interests in the Indian Ocean.At the same time,in the context of the United States’significant adjustment of its security strategy,the interaction,especially the cooperation,between India and the United States in the field of maritime security has continued to deepen.The scale and level of the joint military exercise between India and the United States are increasingly on the rise,the amount of arms trade is continuing to increase,the bilateral maritime security cooperation is rapidly advancing and the level is increasingly deepening by the bilateral,multilateral and other security mechanisms to strengthen interaction.However,the India-US maritime security cooperation also faces various challenges.Firstly,the differences in their objectives of maritime security strategies have resulted in insufficient mutual trust between India and the United States.Secondly,many international factors and the complexity of maritime security threats themselves have also imposed a constraint on the maritime security cooperation between them.The India-US maritime security cooperation has a direct and huge impact on the Indo-Pacific region.The influence of the U-nited States in the Indo-Pacific region has been further enhanced.India has developed rapidly through the cooperation with the United States,while the constraint imposed by the United States on India is also on the rise.Although the cooperation between India and the United States is helping to cope with the non-traditional security threats in the Indo-Pacific region,it is intensifying the region's predicament in the traditional security field.In addition,the India-US maritime security cooperation has also adversely affected the peripheral security environment of China.