半导体辐射探测器（英文）

Review of Semiconductor Ionizing Radiation Detectors

在探测器领域,半导体材料的重要性有三个:(i)可以充分利用辐射的贯穿性;(ii)能检测辐射对生物的有害性;(iii)是我们周围信息的有效载体.目前有以下几种探测器:(1)粒子计数探测器;(2)粒子能量探测器;(3)粒子与物质作用时间探测器;(4)粒子单位体积单位时间能量探测器.有多种被探测的电离粒子和能量范围,因为不同的粒子与探测器物质的相互作用不同所以需要不同的探测器.该文综述了不同的探测器种类(包括不同的材料和结构),它们的应用和面临的挑战.

There are three main reasons for the importance of semiconductors in the detector field： （i） the usefulness of the penetrating radiation; （ii） the hazards of the radiation to living creatures; （iii） the information it carries about the nature surrounding us. There are several types of “detections”： （1） counting the particles; （2） finding the energy of each particle; （3） finding the time of the particle-matter interaction; （4） finding the total energy carried by the radiation per unit time, per unit area. There are various types of ionizing particles and various energy ranges. These particles have varying reaction/interaction cross-sections with matter; therefore, their detection requires various detectors.This presentation reviews the various semiconductor detector types （materials and structures）, applications, and challenges.