植物对盐胁迫的响应及耐盐调控的研究进展

Research Advances in Response of Plants to Salt Stress and Regulation of Salinity Tolerance

土壤盐胁迫已成为制约农作物生长的重要非生物因子之一,深入探究植物对盐胁迫的响应路径及外源调控措施,对提高植物耐盐能力、增加作物产量、改善作物品质意义重大,现已成为众多植物学家及育种学家研究的重点。就植物对盐胁迫的响应及外源调控途径的研究进展,综述了盐胁迫对植物生长的危害、植物对盐胁迫响应的内在机制(包括渗透调节、离子区域化、活性氧清除、基因表达的调控等)、外源调控植物耐盐性的途径,并对提高植物耐盐性的研究进行了展望。

Soil salinity is one of the major abiotic stress factors which limit crop growth. Deeply exploring the response path of plants to salt stress and the exogenous regulatory measures for the salinity tolerance of plants has great significance on the enhancement of plant salinity-tolerance, the increasing of crop yield, and the improvement of crop product quality. Therefore, improving the salinity tolerance of plants has become the research priority for many botanists and breeders. In this paper, we reviewed the research advances in the response of plants to salt stress and the exogenous regulation of plant salinity-tolerance, including the harm of salt stress to plant growth, the physiological and biochemical mechanisms of plant＇s response to salt stress （osmotic adjustment, ion compartmentation, active oxygen scavenging, and gene expression regulation）, and the exogenous paths to regulate the salinity tolerance of plants. This paper also discussed the research prospects of developing the tolerance of plants to soil salinity.