新疆开发区土地集约利用及时空差异分析

Intensive Utilization of Land in Xinjiang Development Zones and Its Spatial and Temporal Differences

采用德尔斐法和理想值比例推算法从土地利用状况、土地投入产出效益2个方面构建了开发区土地集约利用度评价指标体系,并用多因素综合评价模型对新疆77个开发区土地集约利用度进行了评价并分析了其空间分异规律。其次,以2008～2016年评价指标数据为基础,分析了集约利用度的时序特征及与经济发展的联系。结果表明:新疆开发区土地集约利用水平总体不高,平均得分为61.41; 77个开发区土地集约利用度呈现较高集约及以上开发区主要分布于天山北坡一带,欠集约及以下开发区分布于北疆北部和南疆的空间分布规律;在时序变化特征上土地利用程度和土地利用强度的逐渐走强带动了集约利用度的提高,经济发展水平与土地集约利用度存在长期上涨的同步性和短期波动的动态关系。

This paper used the Delphi method and the ideal value ratio reckoning algorithm to construct the evaluation index system of land intensive utilization degree in Xinjiang development zones from the aspects of land use status and land input-output efficiency, and utilized a multi-factor comprehensive evaluation model to evaluate the land intensive utilization degree in 77 development zones of Xinjiang, and to analyze their spatial variation rule. Secondly, according to the data of evaluation indexes from 2008 to 2016, we analyzed the relation between the time-order characteristics of land intensive utilization degree and the economic development. The results showed that the level of land intensive use in the development zones of Xinjiang was not high as a whole, with an average score of 61.41. Among 77 development zones, the development zones with higher land intensive utilization degree were mainly distributed in the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountain, while those with lower land intensive utilization degree were mainly distributed in southern Xinjiang and the north of northern Xinjiang. As for the temporal changes in land intensive utilization degree, the gradual increase in land use degree and land use intensity led to an increase in land intensive utilization degree, and there existed a long-term rising synchronization and a short-term fluctuant dynamic relationship between the level of economic development and the land intensive utilization degree.