174173例老年住院患者疾病构成及不同性别和年龄段疾病顺位分析

The disease compositions and ranks grouped by gender and age of 174,173 elderly inpatients

目的了解老年住院患者疾病构成情况,为老年疾病预防和诊治工作提供参考。方法通过成都军区总医院信息系统采集2010—2017年老年住院患者病案首页信息,按照国际疾病分类编码(international classification of disease,ICD-10)整理出院主要(第一)诊断的疾病系统分类,统计老年患者出院疾病构成及顺位。结果研究期间内,累计出院老年患者174 173人次,占全部出院人次的37.93%。老年患者男女性别比为1.39∶1,平均年龄(69.15±6.96)岁。前5位出院疾病系统分类为C00-D48(肿瘤)、K00-K93(消化系统疾病)、I00-I99(循环系统疾病)、Z00-Z99(影响健康状态和与保健机构接触的因素)、J00-J99(呼吸系统疾病),共127 692人次,占全部老年患者的73.31%。不同性别、年龄分组老年患者出院诊断系统疾病构成和顺位存在较大差异(P<0.001)。结论老年住院患者占比较高,侧面反映我国社会老龄化程度增大、老年人的住院需求较大;综合医院设置老年床位和配置人力资源时,应考虑性别比和超老龄患者占比;老年患者出院主要(第一)诊断在疾病系统上存在聚集性。

Objective The objective of this study was to explore the disease compositions of elderly inpatients, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of geriatric diseases. Methods The medical record front pages of the elderly inpatients treated in Chengdu Military General Hospital between 2010 and 2017 was collected through the hospital information system. According to the International Classification of Disease 10 code （ICD-10）, the main （first） discharge diagnoses were sorted. Then the disease composition and ranks of the elderly inpatients were analyzed. Results During the study period, 174,173 elderly patients were discharged from our hospital, accounting for 37.93%. The male-female ratio of the elderly inpatients was 1.39∶1, and the mean age was （69.15±6.96）. The top five disease categories of the discharged inpatients systems were C00-D48 （neoplasms）, K00-K93 （diseases of the digestive system）, I00-I99 （diseases of the circulatory system）, Z00-Z99 （factors influencing health status and contact with health services）, J00-J99 （diseases of the respiratory system）, and the number of discharged inpatients with these diseases was 127,692, accounting for 73.31%. There were significant differences in the disease composition and ranks among different genders and age groups （P〈0.001）. Conclusions The proportion of the elderly inpatients is high, reflecting the rising of aging society in China and the hospitalization demands of the elderly. Elderly beds and configuring human resources in the general hospitals should be distributed accommodating the gender ratio and the proportion of the hyper-aged patients. The main （first） discharge diagnoses of the elderly inpatients are clustered on the disease system.