蜀郡严道铜山与文帝政局探微

Exploration between Yandao Copper Mountain of Shu County and Political Situations of Wen-ti

秦汉之际,蜀郡严道铜山是全国闻名的铜矿采冶地。汉文帝将铸币权放归民间,而后赐其宠臣邓通以严道铜山铸钱,使得邓通铸钱与吴王刘濞铸钱一样流布全国。这个看似任性的帝王行为,实际上是文帝与吴王刘濞斗争的重要棋子。在政治上,它缩小了吴汉矛盾被挑拨的空间,降低了吴王的反叛势力聚集力度;在经济上,它为汉廷中央赢得了与刘濞至少同等的战争物资汲取力,同时为未来的武力削藩积累下巨额财富。其手法巧妙含蓄、迂回曲折,符合文帝的削藩风格,是文帝巧妙削藩的又一力证,从中也可一窥当时西南铜矿资源对帝国影响之一斑。

During the period of Qin and early Han dynasties, the Yandao Copper Mountain in Shu Counly was a top national copper mining place. The Empire abandoned its right of coin casting, and gave it to the civil society, afterwards the Emperor bestowed the mountain to DENG Tong, who just a sycophant of the Emperor, which causing the Deng coins spreaded over the country as the King Wu coins in Wen Emperor period. This seemingly capricious behavior of the emperor was actually an important piece to struggle with the ambitious King Wu Liu Bi. On political, it reduced the space of provoking the contradictory between Han and Wu as well as the insurgency gathered strength of King Wu. On economic, it won with a war material extractive capacity equal to the King Wu ,which meanwhile accumulating enonnous wealth tor torte to eliminate Liu＇s Kingdoms in tuture tor Han Emperor. And thus this was the contribution to the Wen-Jing Zhi Zhi the prosperity during the reins of Wen-ti and Ching-ti, made by the Yandao Copper Mountain. This series of tortuous operations are in line with the style of Wen-ti＇s weakening the kingdoms and proved this style of him. From this, we can also see a glimpse of the influence of the southwest copper resources on the empire.