主观强化与情态追加:单音节语气副词后置现象探究——以“还、都、也”为例

Subjective Aggrandizement and Modal Addition: Study on Postposition of Monosyllable Modal Adverbs of “Hai(还),Dou(都),Ye(也) ”

现代汉语中存在着单音节语气副词后置现象,尤其是在口语中,＂还、都、也＂是其中的典型,值得研究。根据结构性质和语义属性、移位的作用与表达以及移位的动因与机制：从形式看,存在追补性后置和重复性后置两种;从深层看,移位后副词的语义辖域是整个命题,属全幅评注,将命题整体激活为新信息;从语义功能看,表义上凸显超预期,均可看作量级算子;从成因看,语用需要是驱动移位现象的最基本动因,语义量级的形成、强调与凸显、信息排列的顺序均是其形成的主要机制。

In modern Chinese,especially in the spoken Chinese some monosyllable modal adverbs are put at the end of the sentences,such as ＂hai（ 还）,dou（ 都）,and ye（ 也） ＂. There are complementary postposition and repeated postposition in form and their semantic scope is the whole proposition to activate it into new information. Semantic-functionally,these modal adverbs can be regarded as scalar operator to underscore unexpected meaning. At last,the pragmatic drive is the most fundamental reason to form this structure,among which formation of the semantic scalar,emphasis and prominence and the order of information arrangement are all the forming mechanism