摘要
现代汉语中,固化的＂X帽（子）＂具有重要的象征意义,其与中国古代的国家建制、社会习俗、个人身份乃至道德修养均有密切联系。本文从语义学、词汇学角度入手,分析固化＂X帽（子）＂的构成及词义形成的路径机制,发现其中一类以转喻为动因形成,其词义演变路径为：（1）（＂X＂的基本义＋＂帽（子）＂的基本义）—（2）结构的借代义1（＂X＂的基本义＋＂帽（子）＂的借代义）—（3）结构的借代义2（＂X帽（子）＂整体代指＂相应的职业身份或相应的人＂）;一类以隐喻为动因形成,其词义演变路径为：（1）（＂X＂的基本义/引申义＋＂帽（子）＂的隐喻义）。同时,本文还从历时的角度揭示由＂冠＂到＂帽＂的词语替换与词义演变,以进一步阐释＂X帽（子）＂所承载的丰富文化内涵。
The structure ＂X mao （zi） ＂ with important symbolic significance is bound up with national system of ancient China, social customs, personal identity and ethics. This paper analyzes the constitution of ＂X mao （zi） ＂ and the evolving mechanism with meaning formation based on semantics and lexis. One evolutionary path is： （1 （the basic meaning of ＂X＂ ＋ the basic meaning of ＂mao （zi） ＂） - （2the metonymy meaning of the structure 1 （the basic meaning of ＂X＂ ＋ the metonymy meaning of ＂mao （zi） ＂ ） -（3）the metonymy meaning of hard-wired structure 2 （ ＂X mao （zi）＂ overall refers to （ ＂the corresponding professional identity or relevant person＂ ）. The other evolutionary path is ： （1） （ the （zi） ＂）. Meanwhile, the paper also explores words substitution and meaning evolution from ＂guan＂ to ＂mao＂ based on the diachronic analysis, to further explain the rich cultural connotation of ＂X mao （zi）＂.
关键词
“X帽(子)”
固化
词义引申
文化内涵
＂X mao （zi） ＂
Structure
Meaning Extension
Cultural Connotation
