极低出生体重儿PICC导管异位的相关因素分析与护理防护对策

Analysis of related factors and nursing protection of PICC catheter ectopia in very low birth weight infants

目的探讨极低出生体重儿PICC导管异位的相关因素,并就此提出相应的护理防护措施。方法回顾性分析我院2016年8月至2018年8月收治的88例极低出生体重PICC置管患儿资料,其中有11例(12. 50%)患儿发生PICC导管异位,命名为发生组,其余77例患者命名为未发生组,分别收集两组患儿一般资料和检查结果,分析影响极低出生体重儿PICC导管异位的因素。结果经单因素分析发现,胎龄、出生体重、置管前机械通气、置管时间、置管静脉、操作者层级为影响极低出生体重儿PICC导管异位的相关危险因素;经多因素logistic回归分析发现,胎龄、出生体重、置管静脉为影响极低出生体重儿PICC导管异位的独立危险因素。结论极低出生体重儿PICC导管异位的独立危险因素包括胎龄、出生体重及置管静脉,因此,应通过恢复标准体重、评估血管、测量置管长度等预防和矫正置管位置。

Objective To explore the related factors of PICC catheter ectopia in very low birth weight infants,and to propose corresponding preventive measures. Methods To analyze the factors influencing PICC catheter ectopia in very low birth weight infants respectively collecting the general data and examination results,the data of 88 cases of children with PICC catheterization admitted to our hospital from August 2016 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them,11( 12. 50%) children with PICC catheterization had ectopia catheterization and were labeled as the occurrence group,while the remaining 77 cases were labeled as the non-occurrence group. Results Univariate analysis showed that gestational age,birth weight,mechanical ventilation before catheterization,catheterization time,catheterization vein,and the level of the operator were risk factors associated with PICC catheter ectopia in very low birth weight infants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that gestational age,birth weight and catheterization vein were independent risk factors for PICC catheter ectopia in very low birth weight infants. Conclusion Independent risk factors for PICC catheter ectopia in very low birth weight infants included gestational age,birth weight,and catheterization vein. Therefore,catheter ectopia should be prevented and corrected by restoring standard weight,assessing blood vessels,and measuring catheter length,etc.