中国经济社会转型中的土地问题

Land Problems in China's Economic and Social Transition

中国经济社会转型突出表现为工业化、城镇化、市场化和农业的产业化四个方面。伴随着中国经济社会转型,土地用途、土地运用方式和农民身份均发生了变迁。改革开放以来,我国农村土地承包关系总体稳定,经历了从长期不变到长久不变的转向。将"开放性契约理论"运用到农村土地家庭承包制的分析中,具有重要的理论价值。工业经济时代的土地集中具有与农业经济时代完全不同的经济社会效应。即使土地流转和集中过程中出现一些问题,也是总体发展趋势合理、社会进步巨大的情况下出现的问题,不应该成为否认土地流转和适度集中的理由。

China’s economy and society transition is mainly manifested in four aspects： industrialization, urbanization,marketization and industrialization of agriculture. Along with China’s economic and social transformation, land use,land use mode and farmers’identity have changed. Since the reform and opening up, China’s rural land contractingrelationship has been generally stable. It is of great theoretical value to apply the “open contract theory”to analyze ruralland household contract system. Land concentration in the industrial economy era has completely different economicand social effects from that in the agricultural economy era. Even if there are some problems in the process of landcirculation and concentration, it is also a problem under the circumstances of reasonable overall development trendand great social progress. It should not be a reason to deny land circulation and appropriate concentration.