三维光学断层技术在活体成像中的应用

Application of Three-Dimensional Optical Tomography for in Vivo Bioimaging

三维光学断层成像(Three Dimensional Optical Tomography Imaging)是以光学探针标记的分子或细胞为成像源,在外部光源的激发下产生发射光,通过测量组织边界处的光强,结合光子在组织中的传播模型,来重建出组织内部发射光分布图像以及组织光学参数。三维光学断层成像能够提供目标物在生物体内的分布信息,克服平面成像的局限性。因此,在肿瘤检测、基因表达、蛋白质分子检测、揭示机体功能变化等方面有着很大的应用潜力。本文总结了光学相干断层成像(Optical Coherence Tomography,OCT)、荧光分子断层成像(Fluorescent Molecular Tomography,FMT)、生物自发光断层成像(Bioluminescence Tomography,BLT)、切伦科夫荧光断层成像(Cerenkov Luminescence Tomography,CLT)等三维光学断层活体成像技术的新进展,分析了其在实际应用中所面临的技术挑战并探讨了相应的解决方案。

During three dimensional optical tomography bioimaging, the imaging targets（ e.g. , cells or tissues ） were labeled by optical probes that can emit luminescence or generate strong light scattering under the excitation of an external light source. The three dimensional bioimage including the distribution of emission light in tissue and optical parameters of tissues can be reconstructed by combination of light intensity at the tissue boundary and the model of the photon propagating in the tissue. Three-dimensional optical tomography can provide the distribution information of target in the organism, overcome the limitation of plane imaging, and have great potential in tumor detection, gene expression, protein molecular detection, and revealing the change of body function. Through analyzing the recently published research results, the review summarizes the recent progress of three-dimensional optical tomography imaging technologies including optical coherence tomography （OCT）, fluorescent molecular tomography（FMT）, bioluminescence tomography（BLT） and Cerenkov luminescence tomography（CLT） in the biomedical and bioanalytical fields. The technical challenges faced in practical applications are analyzed, and the corresponding solutions are discussed.