高速铁路扣件弹条伤损研究及结构优化分析

Study on Damage Mechanism and Structure Optimization Analysis of Fastening Clips of High-speed Railways

为了研究高速铁路扣件弹条伤损的原因,以高速铁路ω型扣件SKL弹条为研究对象,进行SKL弹条的传递函数特性、钢轨波磨激励频率及不同螺栓扭矩下弹条模态频率分析,经试验及仿真分析发现:高速铁路轮轨作用下的激励频段和SKL弹条安装条件下的频率响应峰值吻合,可认为弹条在此频段可能发生共振并导致伤损。在扣件弹条伤损机理研究结果的基础上,同时对SKL弹条进行结构参数优化,并对优化前后的SKL新旧弹条进行落锤冲击试验,试验结果表明:SKL弹条峰值频率由原来的542 Hz、619 Hz分别跳跃到654 Hz、879 Hz。同时,优化后弹条的总振动级由125.7 dB降到107.9 dB,振动级下降17.8 dB。

In order to study the cause of damage of rail fastening clips on high-speed railways, the transfer function of the fastening clips, rail corrugation excitation frequency and different torque modal frequencies are analyzed and discussed with a 05 type of rail fastener SKL clips as the research object. Through the test and simulation analysis, it is found that the excitation frequency of the wheel-rail interaction is basically consistent with the response peak frequency under the working condition of the SKL clips on high-speed railway, which may lead to resonance and fatigue damage to the SKL clips. Based on the research results of damage mechanism of the fastener clips, the structure of the SKL clips is modified with parameters optimization. In addition, impact test is carried out for the clip samples before and after the optimization. The results show that critical resonance peak frequencies of the SKL clips shift from 542 Hz and 619 Hz to 654 Hz and 879 Hz respectively after the optimization. The total vibration level decreases by 17.8 dB.