外伤性肩锁关节及胸锁关节脱位的超声诊断价值

The diagnostic value of ultrasonography in dislocation of acromioclavicular joint and sternoclavicular joint caused by trauma

目的分析超声对外伤性肩锁关节及胸锁关节脱位的诊断价值。方法回顾性分析临床确诊的20例肩锁关节脱位及5例胸锁关节脱位患者的肩锁关节及胸锁关节超声表现及超声诊断准确率,并与X线、CT、核磁结果进行比较。结果 20例肩锁关节脱位患者超声检查结果分别为Ⅰ型7例,Ⅱ型5例,Ⅲ型6例,有2例II型脱位误诊为I型,诊断准确率为90%。5例胸锁关节脱位患者超声检查结果分别为Ⅰ型2例,Ⅱ型2例,Ⅲ型1例,诊断准确率为100%。结论通过对肩锁关节和胸锁关节的韧带、关节囊、脱位关节间距的观察,超声能够准确的对肩锁关节和胸锁关节脱位做出诊断并分型。另外,超声与X线相结合,能一定程度上满足临床对肩锁关节和胸锁关节脱位影像检查的需求,为治疗方法提供依据。

Objective To analyze the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in dislocation of acromioclavicular joint( ACJ) and sternoclavicular joint( SCJ) caused by trauma. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 20 patients with clinically diagnosed ACJ dislocation and 5 patients with SCJ dislocation for ultrasonographic manifestations of ACJ and SCJ as well as diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography. These findings were compared with those based on X-ray,CT scan and MRI. Results The results of ultrasonography in 20 patients with ACJ dislocation revealed type Ⅰ in 7 cases,type Ⅱ in 5 cases,and type Ⅲ in 6 cases. Two cases of type Ⅱ dislocation were misdiagnosed as type Ⅰ,and the diagnostic accuracy was 90%. The results of ultrasonography in 5 patients with SCJ dislocation revealed 2 cases of type Ⅰ,2 cases of type Ⅱ,and 1 case of type Ⅲ. The diagnostic accuracy was 100%. Conclusion Ultrasonography can accurately diagnose and classify ACJ and SCJ dislocation by observing the ligament,the joint capsule and dislocation spacing of ACJ and SCJ. In addition,the combination of ultrasonography and X-ray can meet the requirements of clinical imaging examination of ACJ and SCJ dislocation to some extent,thereby providing a basis for treatment.