影响我省钾肥有效施用的因素

Factors of Affecting Effective Use of Kalium Fertilizer in Henan Province

钾肥的施用能使作物生长健壮,增强对不良环境的抗逆性,还能改善和提高作物品质,明显地增加单位土地面积的经济效益。但是在实际生产中,施用钾肥并非都能获得良好的效果。通过全省各地的调查和研究指出,钾肥的肥效与土壤速效钾的含量呈明显负相关,当土壤速效钾(K_2O)含量>150ppm时,施用钾肥一般无效。在钾素较丰富的土壤上,钾肥对喜钾作物显示肥效,其顺序是:蔬菜作物>经济作物>粮食作物。随着农业生产水平的不断提高,增施钾肥才能维持与氮磷的平衡。故钾肥在高产地上效应较为显著。此外,钾肥能影响作物根系活动,在干旱或多水之年都能获得良好效应,所以施用钾肥也就成为灾年夺丰收的有效措施。

The corps can grow healthly and build up it’s resistance to contrary by the appling of kalium fertilizer and increace crop’s quality and economic benefit on unit land area significantly .But the investigating and studing on whole province soil suggested that using kalium fertilizer can’t get completely ideal result.The relationship between the effect of fertilizer and the content of quick-action kalium in the soil is the considerable negative relation.The use of kalium fertilizer is ineffective when the content of quick-action kalium in the soil is more than (K20) 150ppm and kalium fertilizer is effective to need-kalium crops in the soil of rich kalium.The rank of fertilizer effect in different crops follows, regetable crops>economy crops>grain crops.Appling more kalium fertilizer can keep the balance among the N.P and K.so that the kalium fertilizer may play a significant role on the condition of high yield. Because kalium fertilizer can affect the action of plant’s root using k-alium fertilizer is an effective process to gain rich harvest at the adversity year ( drought or water logging ) .