由“大虫”与“虎皮”说开去——略论“虫”的神话思维与原始信仰

On dachong and Tiger Skin:a Discussion of chong in Thinking of Myth and Primitive Belief

从"武松打虎"中虎之"大虫"称谓,以及猎户所披之"虎皮",可以看到"虫"的神话思维和原始信仰在后世文学中的遗留与发展。蛇、鱼、龙、马、虎、雀在原始神话里均为"虫"类,他们可互称,并可互化。探究其根源在于神话的类比思维和原始的"死亡-再生"信仰。"蜕皮"成为"再生"的象征,拥有此特征的生物被赋予了神性,并被归为同类。"蜕皮"神话原型仍在后世文学里反复出现。

We find that the thinking of myth and primitive belief of chong(meaning tiger) are handed down and developed in the later literature,which are shown from the plot in "Wu Song Fights the Tiger".Snake,fish,dragon,horse,tiger,bird are classified as chong in the primitive myth,and they can be interchangeable and transform into each other.This is originated from analogical thinking of myth and the primitive idea of death-regeneration.So sloughing has become a symbol of regeneration and is given the divine nature.As a result,it is still a prototype of myth repeated in later literature.