总理衙门:逼迫下的主动开放

The Tsungli Yamen:Active Opening under Pressure

清政府一向坚守闭关锁国的对外政策,把外部世界概归入蛮夷之邦,不屑与之交往。直到西方列强用武力轰开中国大门,这时整个国家在列强面前暴露无遗,"天朝上国""惟我独尊"的颜面也尽扫而光,痛定思痛,权衡利弊,中央办理外交的机构——总理衙门终于难产而生。开放后为中国社会发展作出的重大贡献进一步论证其主动性。

The Qing government kept its policy of cutting off one's country from the outside world, taking outside world as countries of barbarians, refusing to communicate with them until forced by western great powers, which resulted in the lose of face and dignity.As a result of the sufferings and loses, a central diplomatic organ, the Tsungli Yamen, was finally established that practically did a great deal for the social development of China.