论《史记》的学术价值

On the Academic Value of Historical Records

《史记》上起黄帝,下迄汉武,是我国第一部通史,第一部关于我国古代社会经济、政治、军事、民族、思想文化、社会风貌以及各个阶层人物群像的百科全书。其书发凡起例,创为纪传之体。究天人之际,通古今之变,成一家之言。文史共通,文史哲亦共通。本文从体例和写作方法入手,展示这部贯通古今,包罗万象的奇书的基本内容,剖析其丰富而深刻的哲学思想、系统而完备的史学和文学方法。论次其深厚的文、史、哲学造诣。同时对其天运论和三统循环论以及书中的上帝之天提出了意见和批判。

Historical Records, China’s first general history, recording from Yellow Emperor to Emperor Han Wu, is an encyclopedia concerning economy, politics, millitary affairs, nationality, ideological culture, social in general and group personalities of China’s ancient society. The book for the first time presents history in a series of biographies. It gives statements of a school attempting to explore the nature of the world at all times and in all countries. Culture, history and philosophy are presented. The paper, stating from style and writing techniques, exhbits the basic content of the all inclusive book with thorough knowledge of different times, analyzes its rich and profound philosophical ideas, systematic historical and literary approaches, discusses its profound literary, historical and philosophical attainments. Ideas and criticism concerning movement of heavens theory, the circulation of three king’s taoism theory and the Jade Emperor of Heaven are presented as well.