释意理论中的认知补充对诗歌法译的指导

The instruction of the cognitive complement of the interpretive theories in the poetry translation

法国翻译学理论释意学的创始人达尼卡·塞莱丝柯维奇和玛丽亚娜·勒代雷认为翻译有三个层次:词义层次、话语层次、篇章层次。其中还有一个三角模型,即三个步骤:理解,脱离原语言语言外壳和重新表达。而要脱离语言外壳进行重新表达就需要加入认知补充。其中认知补充又包括译者根据自己的记忆、经验、理论知识、想象以及思考阅读等方式获得的与原文相关的历史、文化、背景知识以及较高的语言表达能力。而诗歌的语言特点、思想深度以及情感丰富等特点使得它的翻译需要译者具备极高的语言知识和语言外知识,即还需要译者的认知补充才能完全诠释好诗歌的内涵与情感。

The founder of the interpretive theories-Seleskovitch Danica et Marianne Lederer,who put forward this theory.They think that translation has three levels:meaning level and discourse level and textual level,including a triangle model,the three steps:understanding,out of the shell and the original language,express again.However,to shell out of language to express you need to join the cognitive supplement,the cognitive complement includes the o-riginal history,culture,background knowledge which are acquired according to the translator's own memory,experi-ence and theoretical knowledge,imagination and the way of thinking and reading,besides the high ability of lan-guage expression.So the language characteristics,the depth of thought and the emotional characteristics of poetry, and the difference of french-chinese,all the factories make the translator to need have extremely high language knowledge and the others knowledge,that still needs translator's cognitive complement to interpret complement the connotation and emotion of the poetry.