汉英补语对比与对外汉语补语教学

A contrastive study of Chinese & English complements and the recommendations on Chinese complement teaching as a foreign language

汉英补语之间的差异使得留学生在汉语习得过程中常常出现偏误。通过对比我们发现汉语补语在句法作用上不同于英语状语。英语补语可以对应汉语的谓语、状语、宾语。由此得出汉语补语十分复杂,与汉英补语不是同一概念的结论。因此,在对外汉语教学中不能简单地将汉英补语对应起来。并提出了确定汉语补语习得顺序,即讲解时由易到难;确定各类补语的教学重难点,减少学生习得偏误,采用趣味教学方式,吸引学生注意力的教学建议。

The difference between Chinese and English complements makes foreign students very liable to make mistakes inthe process of Chinese learning. Through constructive analysis,it is found Chinese complement is syntactically different from English adverbial. English adverbial modifier can be equivalent to Chinese predicate,adverbial modifier,object. It follows that Chinese complements are complex,and it isn’t the same conception with English complement. So,Chinese complements can’t be simply corresponded to English complements. Moreover,some suggestions on teaching Chinese complements are put forward in this paper. For instance,to ascertain the teaching order of the Chinese complement acquisition,from easy to difficult while teaching,to determine the key and difficult points,to reduce the students’ acquisition errors,to adopt interesting teaching method to concentrate students’ attention.