国外食品安全的刑法保护及中国启示

Research on the Foreign Food Safety by Criminal Laws Regulations and its Realistic Inspiration

食品安全与人类生命健康息息相关,更是一个全球性课题,世界各国针对食品安全犯罪问题进行了有益的尝试与创新。许多国家通过严格的刑事立法来惩治食品安全犯罪:西班牙、美国等国将食品安全犯罪规定在危害公共卫生犯罪中,英国、丹麦则认为食品安全犯罪属于损害公共安全或造成公共危险,芬兰、俄罗斯等将其视为定为损害公民健康的犯罪。这种区分责任形式、严格责任制度、宽泛行为模式的立法主旨,启示我国应树立国民健康至上的法律理念,借鉴执行与国际接轨的食品安全规章制度,优化行政执法与刑事司法衔接机制,最终建立起完善的食品安全防控体系。

Food safety is closely related to human life and health,so it is a a global subject.Many countries have carried on the beneficial attempt and innovation for food safety problem.Countries publish crimes of endangering food safety through the criminal legislation and the criminal justice.For example,Spain and USA think it assigned to criminal cases that are bad for sanitation.Britain,Denmark and other countries think it assigned to the crime of endangering public security.Finland and Russia think it assigned to damages to the health of the citizens.Legislative thought characteristic of them shows in three aspects:distinguishing the liability form,system of strict liability and broading behavior patterns.For China,it should set the food safety law control idea that food consumer is supreme,and should improve the system of food safety regulations in line with international standards,and should optimize the administrative law enforcement and criminal justice mechanisms,and can establish the perfect food safety control system eventually.