台湾地区预付卡法律规制的制度构造及其借鉴

On the Institution Structure in Legal Regulation of Prepaid Card in Taiwan District and Its'Significance

在预付式消费形态中,预付卡是由消费者先行向经营者或第三方机构支付钱款之后以记载该价值的礼券或储值工具,以作为支付使用的预付式票证。作为在预付式消费形态中使用的基本票证,预付卡所引发的消费者问题是海峡两岸共同面对的法律问题。相对而言,台湾地区的预付卡立法起步较早,确立了有限监管的基本立场,形成了兼具私法与公法双重路径的法律规制体系,尤其是注重通过私法框架下强制性规定对预付卡格式条款与预付卡债务履行担保做出了明确规定。由于我国大陆立法过度强调运用公权力对预付卡进行行政监管,忽视了私法框架下强制性规定之引入,因此,日后的立法完善应注重在规制预付卡格式条款、重塑消费者权利体系、引入强制性履约担保机制等方面寻求完善,并应当优先考虑制定专门性的预付卡规制法律。

In the prepaid consumption pattern,prepaid card refers to the payment instrument which the consumer prepaid to operators or third-party for recording value.Consumer problem which causes by prepaid card is the legal issue should be faced by Cross-Strait together.Comparatively,the legislation about prepaid card started earlier in Taiwan,and formed a more complete legal system containing both the private law adjustment and public law regulation,the consumer protection institution about the issuing and using consumption prepaid card is also more complete.While Taiwan provides a comprehensive legal restrictions to the contract format terms of consumer prepaid card and the assurance mechanisms of consumer prepaid debt performance.Because China Mainland emphasize the application of public authority to legislative administrative supervision of the prepaid card,while ignore the introduction of the mandatory provisions of the framework of private law.So in the future legislation,we should focus on improving regulation of the prepaid card format terms,restatement the consumer rights restated system,and introduction of compulsory aspects of performance guarantee mechanisms,and we should give priority to the development of specialized prepaid regulation legislation.