民事诉讼社会调查制度研究

Study on Civil Social Investigation System

近年来,社会调查制度在我国民事诉讼司法实践中逐渐得到广泛应用,但是立法却未对这种特殊的诉讼资料加以规定。通过分析其基本属性和证明方式的手段,可以得出社会调查报告具有相关性和证明力的结论,因此主张将社会调查报告作为证据使用;社会调查报告的特性迥异于传统的书证和证人证言,宜将其归入科学证据范畴,作为一类特殊的证据类型与鉴定意见并立。实践中,社会调查多由当事人自主进行,社会调查报告作为一种诉讼资料同样应受辩论主义约束。在制度构建方面,应赋予社会调查员独立的诉讼参与人地位以使其出庭参与诉讼,同时引入多伯特规则作为判断标准以完善社会调查制度,并借助专家辅助人制度对社会调查报告进行质证分析,由法官居中审查社会调查报告的可靠性。

In recent years,the social investigation system has been widely used in the judicial practice of civil litigation in China.But this particular action is not required in the legislation.Through the analysis of the social investigation report,the social investigation report has relevance and probative force,so the writer advocates social investigation report as evidence.Because the social survey report is different from traditional documentary evidence and witness testimony,that integrates it with scientific evidence category as expert opinion is appropriate,and that the social investigator should have independent litigation participants position to participate in the proceedings.In practice,the social investigation is carried out by the parties concerned,and the social investigation report as a kind of litigation material also should be subject to Debate Principle of Civil Procedure.Also we could introduce the Daubert rule as the judgment standard and review the social investigation with the help of expert assistant system.Reliability of the social investigation report should be determined by the judge.