断裂与延续:新旧法统“决裂论”辨正——以“废除六法全书”与“司法改革运动”为中心

Rupture and Continuity:Discrimination of the Disconnection between the Old and New Constituted Authority

通过考察诉讼档案等相关史料,从政治表达与法律实践两个角度来重新审视新中国成立初期的'废除六法全书'和'司法改革运动',辨正新旧法统'决裂论'。从政治表达层面来看,关于废除六法全书和司法改革运动的文件、指示及命令等都明确表示要与旧法统决裂,并在此基础上建构出一整套阶级化的法律话语体系。从法律实践层面来看,建国初期的立法实践、司法实践和思想改造实践均显示出新旧法统之间的内在延续性,这种内在延续性是客观存在的,不会因为国家权力的介入而骤然断裂。政治表达与法律实践之间的背离,使得新旧法统之间呈现出断裂与延续的不同面向,研究者们只有同时关注这两个面向才不会导致结论的偏差。法律继承是既存的客观事实,并不会因为政治权力的介入而中断,当前法治中国建设应该注重法律继承问题,可以批判性地吸收以往的法治建设经验。

By examining the litigation files and other relevant historical,from political expression and legal practice angles to re-examine the 'repeal Six Laws'and 'judicial reform movement'in the founding period of New China to discrimination the opinion of old legitimacy 'on break.'From the perspective of political expression,the documents,directives and orders about abolition of the Six Laws and judicial reform movement clearly express that it would break with the old legal system,and build a set of class system of legal discourse on this basis.From the perspective of legal practice,the practice of legislative,judicial practice and thought reform practices in the early period are indicative of the inherent continuity between the old and new legal system,and this intrinsic continuity is objective,and there will not be a sudden fracture because of state power intervention.Since the departure between the political expression and legal practice,the old and new law presents different aspects of fracture and continuity,and the researchers will not be led to the conclusion of bias only when they concern these two aspects.Inheritance law is pre-existing objective facts,and will not be interrupted because of the intervention of political power.The current Chinese legal construction should focus on legal succession,critically absorb previous experience in building the rule of law.