民法典编纂背景下债务人补救权制度研究

Study on Debtor's Right to Cure under the Background of Drafting of China Civil Code

基于诚实信用原则以及鼓励交易、合同维持目的,欧盟各国国内法、UCC、CISG、PICC、DCFR等均直接或间接肯定债务人享有补救其违约行为之权利。为了引导当事人正确行使权利,规范、统一裁判标准,平衡债权人与债务人利益,并有效衔接债权人违约救济权利,在未来民法典中我们有必要借鉴前述立法例而明文规定债务人补救权制度。具体条款设计上,梁慧星教授主持的民法典草案建议稿提供了很好的参考样本。但其在消费者合同下债务人补救权与债权人解除权关系上存在"商化过度"问题,在补救权行使条件设定上也有可斟酌之处。对此在未来民法典起草中应予注意。

Based on the principles of good faith,trade-encouragement and maintenance of contract,many EU members,UCC,CISG,PICC and DCFR etc.have provided directly or indirectly debtor's right to cure his non-performance.In order to guide the parties to the contract to perform their rights correctly,standardize and unify the courts'judgments,balance the interests of both creditor and debtor,and link up the creditor's right to remedy efficiently,in the drafting of Civil Code of China we shall provide the system of debtor's right to cure.As to the specific provision,the Civil Code Draft by Liang Huixing has provided us a good example for reference.However,there are some problems which we shall take a further consideration in the provision in Liang's draft.For example,there is the problem of over commercialization in the relationship between debtor's right to cure and creditor's right to terminate under consumer contract,and the specific requirements to exercise the debtor's right to cure shall call for more deliberation.