三射流射孔技术研究与应用

Research and Application of Triple-jet Perforating Technology

介绍三射流射孔技术的原理及技术特点。通过特殊的射孔弹布弹方式和对射孔弹起爆时序的控制,可提高射孔穿深和近井地带的孔道导流面积。从精确延时起爆设计、射流汇聚角度设计等方面阐述三射流射孔器的设计及研制。室内试验检测表明,与常规射孔技术相比,射孔穿深增加26%,孔道体积增加32%,流动效率增加15%。地面模拟检测表明,3个射流形成的孔道达到技术要求,枪身各项技术指标达到行业标准,可保证射孔施工的安全性。通过对三射流射孔技术应用效果跟踪,试验井与同区块同地质条件的常规射孔井进行对比,在中渗透率地层平均采液强度提高12%;在高渗透率地层平均采液强度提高15%以上;在中渗透率地层平均注入强度提高14.5%;在高渗透率地层平均注入强度提高17%以上,取得了较好的增产增注效果。现场应用证明三射流射孔技术是一种效果明显、工艺简单、效益显著的射孔技术。

Perforating is the main way to open the tunnel between the formation and the wellbore,and also the important factor which influence the reservoir development effect and the oilfield productivity.This paper introduces triple-jet perforating technology and its principles and features.Its special structure design and time difference control of the detonating helps improve the diversion performance near the wellbore area.The structure design of triple-jet perforating gun which includes its delayed detonating design and angle design of the focused jet is discussed in this paper.Through laboratory tests of the triple-jet perforating,and compared with conventional perforating,the penetration is increased by 26%,the tunnel volume is increased by 32%,and the flow efficiency is increased by 15%. The three perforation tunnels meet the technical requirements and the technical specifications of the perforating bodies are up to the industry standards,which ensures the operation safety.Comparing the results using triple-jet perforating with those using conventional perforating in the same block,it is shown that the average fluid productivity of the production wells is increased by 12% with medium-permeability formations and 15% with high-permeability formations,and the average injectivity of the injection wells is increased by 14.5% with medium-permeability and 17% with high-permeability formations,which has demonstrated very good results.Field application proves that the threejet perforating technology is a kind of perforating technique which produces both good results and remarkable economic benefits.