武汉市城乡建设用地时空演变及驱动机制研究——基于城乡统筹视角

SPATIAL-TEMPORAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE DRIVING MECHANISM OF URBAN-RURAL CONSTRUCTION LAND CHANGES IN WUHAN——BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF URBAN-RURAL INTEGRATION

基于城乡统筹视角,运用GIS空间技术、土地利用动态模型和多元回归分析,研究武汉市1996~2009年城乡建设用地数量结构变化、空间格局演变及驱动机制,是土地利用变化(LUCC)研究的重要内容之一,对区域城乡建设统筹规划及城乡社会经济统筹发展具有现实指导意义。结果显示:(1)研究期内武汉市城乡建设用地整体规模扩大,城镇建设用地比重上升,农村居民点用地比重下降;城市与建制镇扩张较快,主要源自对农用地的占用及独立工矿用地、农村居民点整理。(2)外城区城-乡建设用地数量、结构变化及类型转换特征对武汉市城乡建设用地变化起主导作用。(3)人口变化、经济增长、居民生活水平提高及政策等因素对武汉市内、外城区城-乡建设用地格局的驱动作用具有明显的区域差异和城乡差异。

Using the land use database from National Land Investigation and spatial analysis software(ArcGIS 9.3),combined with a land-use dynamic model,this paper analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of the urban-rural land use changes in Wuhan City during 1996-2009.The results showed that the scale of urban-rural construction expanded so rapidly that the amount of cultivated land decreased drastically during this period in Wuhan city.Compared with the expansion rate,the urban construction land was growing fast,followed by the expansion of rural construction lands,which was slow but seriously occupied the cultivated land.With the total growth of the urban construction lands,the increasing rate of the town was much faster than the city;and the independent industrial and mining lands decreased in each year.The increasing area of the city and the town was mainly from occupation of the agricultural land,conversion of the independent industrial and mining lands,and consolidation of rural residential areas.According to the spatial variations,the Wuhan city was divided into innercity and outer-city.The expansion scale of the urban-rural land in outer-city was larger than the inner-city.The transference of quantity and category about various construction lands in outer-urban played a decisive role in the urban-rural construction land change of Wuhan city.This paper extracted the driving factors of the land use policy and the ecological conservation policy on the urban-rural construction land from the land use conversion dates of Wuhan.Based on the related social and economic statistics data and information of Wuhan,the paper analyzed the driving force of urban-rural construction land change using the qualitative and quantitative analysis method.The results showed that the social and economic factors including demographic change,economic growth,living standards and policies were closely related to the urban-rural construction land use pattern.Because of the difference of economic and social development,there were significant regional differences and urban-rural differences on the quantity and structure change and the driving factors and mechanism between the inner-city and the outer-city of Wuhan.Based on the perspective of urban-rural integration,this study on the spatial-temporal characteristics and driving forces of urban-rural construction land changes in regional scale can provide important implications to regional urban-rural construction planning and the urban-rural integration development.