我国中部城市环境全要素生产率的时空演变——基于Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数分解方法

Space-time Evolution of Environmental Total Factor Productivity of Cities in the Central Region of China:Based on Malmquist-Luenberger Productivity Index Method

采用Malmquist-Luenberger生产率指数模型对我国中部地区80个地级市2003～2015年的城市环境全要素生产率及其分解部分进行了核算,在此基础上计算累积环境全要素生产率,运用核密度法分析了我国中部城市环境全要素生产率的地区差距和动态变化。研究发现:中部城市环境全要素生产率和技术进步分别以年均1. 39%、1. 85%的速度增长,技术效率以年均0. 02%的速度减少,中部城市环境全要素生产率增长主要由技术进步推动,技术效率出现退步迹象。中部地区环境全要素生产率、技术效率和技术进步率城市间差距在逐渐缩小,中部城市间出现明显技术"追赶效应"。

This paper utilize Malmquist-Luenberger production index to estimate the environmental total factor productivity of cities in Central China from 2003 to 2015 which involving environmental pollutants as undesirable outputs into the production process. Besides,it decomposes ML index as technology change and efficiency change and uses kernel density to estimates the dynamic distribution of ML. Our empirical study shows that the environmental total factor productivity and technological progress index of the central cities are increasing at an annual rate of 1. 39% and 1. 85% respectively,and the technical efficiency index is reduced at an annual rate of0. 02%. The growth of the urban environmental total factor productivity in the central region of China is mainly driven by the technological progress,and the technical efficiency has a backward trace. The gaps of ML,TC and EC between cities in the central region of China have been narrowed and there is a clear technological 'catching up effect'between the central cities.