生物质炭及过氧化钙对旱地红壤CH_4、CO_2和N_2O排放的影响

Effects of Biochar and Calcium Peroxide on the Emissions of CH_4,CO_2 and N_2O in Upland Red Soil

采用室内培养实验,在旱地红壤中添加生物质炭和过氧化钙,探究生物质炭和过氧化钙对旱地红壤CH_4、CO_2和N_2O排放及微生物活性的影响。本试验共设置4个处理,即CK(对照)、Ca(过氧化钙,1.72 g·kg^(-1))、C(生物质炭,21.46 g·kg^(-1))、C+Ca(生物质炭,21.46 g·kg^(-1);过氧化钙,1.72 g·kg^(-1))。结果表明:生物质炭和过氧化钙单施能够减少CO_2和N_2O通量,配施(C+Ca)对CH_4、CO_2和N_2O气体减排的效果更显著;从温室气体增温潜势(GWP)变化可以看出改良剂对温室效应具有明显的减轻作用。生物质炭和过氧化钙在一定程度上增加土壤pH、土壤微生物量碳和可溶性有机碳含量。土壤中添加生物质炭和过氧化钙均可以提高蔗糖酶、淀粉酶以及脲酶活性,其中配施(C+Ca)效果最好。因此,生物质炭和过氧化钙配施能够有效降低旱地红壤温室气体的排放量,对旱地红壤的减排可以起到一定作用。

A laboratory experiment was set up to explore the effects of biochar and calcium peroxide on the emissions of CH4, CO2, N2O and microbial activity in upland red soil. Four treatments were tested in the experiment, which included CK(control), Ca(calcium peroxide, 1.72 g·kg-1), C(biochar, 21.46 g·kg-1), C+Ca(biochar, 21.46 g·kg-1 and calcium peroxide, 1.72 g·kg-1). The results showed that single application of biochar and calcium peroxide could reduce CO2 and N2O fluxes, and combined application(C+Ca) has the most significant effect on emission reduction of CH4, CO2 and N2O. Soil amendments has seriously alleviated the greenhouse effect based on the judgement obtained through the dynamic of global warming potential(GWP). Biochar and calcium peroxide increased soil pH, soil microbial biomass carbon and soluble organic carbon content to a certain extent. Soil amendments(biochar and calcium peroxide) can improve soil invertase, amylase and urease activity, and especially combined application(C+Ca) had the best effect. Therefore, the combined application(C+Ca) can effectively reduce the greenhouse gas emissions in upland red soil, and the application of amendments, such as biochar, played a certain role on emission reduction of upland red soil.