长三角城市群汽车企业空间集聚与发展绩效

Spatial Agglomeration and Development Performance of Automobile Enterprises in Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration

汽车产业是长三角城市群的主导产业之一,其空间集聚特征及发展绩效问题亟待研究。运用核密度估计、Ripley’s K方法刻画长三角城市群汽车产业空间集聚格局;进而通过分位数回归模型辨析空间集聚与汽车企业发展绩效之间的关系机制。结果表明:(1)长三角城市群汽车产业空间分布格局呈现出先极化再均衡的演变态势,总体上经历了零星分散集聚-M型集聚-M型连绵集聚3个阶段;(2)汽车企业空间集聚与扩散并存,集聚规模先扩大后趋于稳定,集聚强度则先升后降;(3)空间集聚对汽车企业绩效的作用具有企业发展能级指向性。总体而言,地方化经济对汽车企业发展绩效的提高十分重要,而城市化经济作用为负或不显著。

Automobile industry is one of the leading industries in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration.It is meaningful to study the spatial agglomeration characteristics and performance problems of this industry.This paper applies the methods of kernel density estimation and Ripley’s K to explore the spatial agglomeration patterns of automobile industry in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration,based on the data of automobile enterprises from Chinese industrial enterprises database;and then use the quantile regression model to distinguish the relationship between spatial agglomeration and the development performance of automobile enterprises.The results show that:(1)The spatial distribution patterns of the automobile industry in the Yangtze River Delta Urban Agglomeration show the evolution of polarization and re-equilibrium.In general,it has experienced three stages:sporadic dispersion aggregation-M-type agglomeration-M-type clustering.(2)The spatial agglomeration and diffusion of automobile enterprises coexist.The scale of agglomeration first expands and then stabilizes,while the intensity of agglomeration rises first and then falls.(3)The role of spatial agglomeration in the performance of automobile enterprises has the orientation of enterprise development level;in general,the localized economy is very important for the improvement of the development performance of automobile enterprises,however,the role of urbanization economy is negative or insignificant.