中国银行业市场结构对金融包容的影响研究——基于区域经济发展差异化的视角

On the Effects of Banking Structure on Financial Inclusion in China:From the Perspective of Differentiated Regional Economic Development

有效满足社会的金融需求和保障所有人获得基本金融服务,不仅是评判一国银行业结构改革的重要标准,也是实现包容性增长的重要途径。文章基于金融包容理论与中国银行业结构改革的实践,基于31个省(自治区、直辖市)2006-2011年的面板数据,在区域经济发展水平差异化的背景下,研究了银行业市场结构演变对金融包容的影响。结果显示,银行业市场结构的分散化有利于地区金融包容水平的提升,但在经济发达地区,这一促进作用有所减弱。在二元金融结构背景下,银行业"增量改革"的措施并未达到预期效果,要实现金融包容的区域均衡,必须提高中西部等落后地区的银行业竞争程度,促进中小银行的发展。

Effective satisfaction of social financial needs and a guarantee of basic financial services shared by everyone are not only an important criterion for testing banking structure reform in a country,but also a critical route to inclusive development.Based on financial inclusion theory and the practice of banking structure reform in China,this paper uses the panel data of 31 provinces from 2006 to 2011to study the impact of banking market structure evolution on financial inclusion in the background of differentiated regional economic development.It comes to the conclusions that deconcentrated banking market structure is beneficial to the increase in the level of regional financial inclusion,but in developed areas,this promotion role weakens.In the background of dual financial structure,banking increment reform does not obtain the expected results;regional balance of financial inclusion depends on the increase in banking competition degree in developing areas like central China and western China and the promotion of the development of small-and-medium-sized banks.