汽油添加剂甲基叔丁基醚的毒性研究

A Study on Toxicity of the Gasoline Additive Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether in Mice

目的 通过研究汽油添加剂甲基叔丁基醚 (MTBE)对小鼠体内谷胱甘肽 (GSH)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 (GSH -Px)活性的改变以及骨髓微核、精子畸变率的影响 ,了解汽油添加剂甲基叔丁基醚的毒性。方法 40只健康昆明种成年小鼠 ,体重 3 3 .3± 6 .9g ,随机分为 4组。灌胃染毒 ,染毒剂量分别为1 6 0 0、40 0、1 0 0和 0mg kg。每天 1次 ,每周 5天 ,共计 40天。结果 MTBE染毒各组小鼠体重轻度降低 ,染毒组全血及肝组织匀浆中GSH在低剂量染毒时增高 ,而高剂量时表现为降低 ,与对照组比较差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 ) ;GSH -Px活性明显减低 ,染毒高剂量组与对照组比较差异有高度显著性 (P <0 .0 1 ) ;骨髓嗜多染红细胞微核及精子畸变率增高 ,与对照组比较明显增高 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论 MTBE对昆明小鼠具有一定毒性 ,可降低全血及肝脏组织中GSH -Px活性 ,低剂量时可增加全血及肝脏组织中GSH含量 ,而高剂量可降低其含量。MTBE能使骨髓微核率、精子畸形率明显增高 ,提示MTBE具有潜在的遗传毒性。

Objective:To research toxicity of the gasoline additive methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE),the content of glutathione and activity of glutathione peroxidase were measured, and the rate of marrow micronucleus and semina deformity were observed in mice.Methods:40 mice were distributed into four groups averagely and were orally administrated at the dose of 1 600,400,100 and 0 mg/kg of MTBE,once daily, five days a week,for 40 days. Results:The content of GSH in whole blood and liver cytoplasm were reduced in 1 600 mg/kg dose group compared with that in the control group(P<0.05).The activity of GSH-Px in 1 600 mg/kg dose group was significantly decreased than that in the control group(P<0.01). The marrow PCE micronucleus and semina deformity rates in 1 600 mg/kg deose group were siginificantly increased than that in the control group( P<0.05). Conclusion: Methyl tertiary butyl ether had the potential of genotoxicity.